block: re-add discard_granularity and alignment checks

In commit b49a0871("block: remove split code in
blkdev_issue_{discard,write_same}"), discard_granularity and alignment
checks were removed. Ideally, with bio late splitting, the upper layers
shouldn't need to depend on device's limits.

Christoph reported a discard regression on the HGST Ultrastar SN100 NVMe
device when mkfs.xfs. We have not found the root cause yet.

This patch re-adds discard_granularity and alignment checks by reverting
the related changes in commit b49a0871. The good thing is now we can
remove the 2G discard size cap and just use UINT_MAX to avoid bi_size
overflow.

Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Tested-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Ming Lin <ming.l@ssi.samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>