dm stripe: optimize chunk_size calculations

dm-stripe is usually used with a chunk size that is a power of two.
Use faster shifts and bit masks in such cases.

stripe_width is already optimized in a similar way.

Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>