Handle provider initialization failure

Handle provider initialization failure gracefully. Now the provider is
declared "permanently failed" and the thrown exception does not pop out
the top of the stack causing a system server crash.

Test: Withdrew a required permission for the only registered provider,
verified device failed to boot to UI before, and now it does.

Bug: 176812518
Change-Id: I541f5f300b7841c1342e0255fd2ba586d6429706