Dump some extra information from LockSettingsService

To help diagnose device unlock problems. Things included:
1. Last password change time and previous SP handle
2. Current password type
3. Separate work challenge state
4. File metadata about the wrapped SP blob

Bug: 62410009
Test: adb shell dumpsys lock_settings
Change-Id: I8bb56554c9b26b4bc1dcd92df677b5190159fca7