Bind update() args as Object[] for performance.

It's wasteful to convert them to String when SQLite already knows
how to bind specific data types, including funky types like byte[].

Also promote to public API, since they're generally useful.

Bug: 111085900
Test: atest packages/providers/DownloadProvider/tests/
Test: atest cts/tests/app/src/android/app/cts/DownloadManagerTest.java
Test: atest cts/tests/tests/database/src/android/database/sqlite/cts/SQLiteQueryBuilderTest.java
Change-Id: I5b418bca1204773fd2795156a2f47906ca1e1a6b