Give StrictMode more bits to work with.

We're almost out of bits, and we don't really need to smash both
thread and VM policy into the same 32-bit value, so use the lower
16-bits for each policy type and the upper 16-bits for penalty.

ActivityManager is only consulting the penalty bits, so we can
remove getViolationBit() and switch CTS over to doing instanceof
checks.

Bug: 110413274
Test: atest cts/tests/tests/os/src/android/os/cts/StrictModeTest.java
Change-Id: I760e6a28f56da66dc75b7df9daf2167ff5bdff50