Add string literal logger to LogBuffer.

This also adds an exception field to the LogMessage and logs it to logcat.
The new method relies on @CompileTimeConstant errorprone annotation to
ensure that method is not called with string that is built dynamically.

Test: atest LogBufferTest
Bug: 239819049
Change-Id: I38560fb144b32f611f1d6a5b238a00cbf3bf0f7c