Support turning phony warnings into errors

These still default to warnings, but if a board decides to set
BOARD_BROKEN_PHONY_TARGETS := false, they'll turn into errors. More
likely I'll just be marking the broken targets as broken, then switching
the logic here to be like the dup rules warnings/errors.

Test: On a build with warnings, try <missing>, "false", and "true"
Change-Id: I041e1ff4618c4114ec43015b6c0ae1b49b36b6f8