Reland: Fix -Wl,--exclude-libs for clang runtime libraries

The sanitize code was assuming that the names of the clang runtime
library modules were the same as their static library output files,
but that's not true after I39e2cf8ae14edf8510276dab38011afaef85822c.
Use the dependency to get the name of the library to pass to
-Wl,--exclude-libs.

This relands If6ca7838800c76f90105fb02d39e8a68cec96314 with a fix
for skipping tests that don't work on mac.
   
Bug: 235624976
Test: TestUbsan
Change-Id: I32894d10d24473ad48b6afc5663f91fa48a6a0ba