Updates basics_of_linux.md

  * [Meterpreter for Post-Exploitation](getting_meterpreter_shell.md)

  * [Privilege Escalation - Linux](privilege_escalation_-_linux.md)

  * [Privilege Escalation - Windows](privilege_escalation_windows.md)

  * [Privilege Escalation - Powershell](privilege-escalation-powershell.md)

  * [Escaping Restricted Shell](escaping_restricted_shell.md)

  * [Bypassing antivirus](bypassing_antivirus.md)

  * [Loot and Enumerate](loot.md)

crontab -e

```

## 8. Devices

## 8. Devices/disks/partitions

First some terminology. A `drive`is a physical storage device, just as a hard disk, solid state drive, or usb. In Linux these drives are represented as special file system objects called "device". They are found under `/dev`.A physical storage unit, a drive, can be divided up in to multiple logical storage units, these are called `partitions`. So they are just digital divisions of the drive. In linux a device are often named something like sda, sdb, sdc. And the partions of those devices are numbered. So one partion might be called `sda1`, and another `sda2`. These can then be found under `/dev/sda1` and `/dev/sda2`.

You can view the devices and their partions with the command `lsblk`

### Formating disks

If you want to do it the easy way, just open `gnome-disks`.

To format disks we are going to use the program `parted`. It can be used with its own shell or by running commands. So you can just run parted, and you will enter the parted interface. But here we are going to run the commands instead. 

```

# Make sure you know which device you are working with, they can change name between boots

lsblk

```

**Partition standard**

First we have to choose a partition standard. The modern and mostly used is gpt, and older is msdos.

```

# This will destroy all the data on the on the disk

sudo parted /dev/sda mklabel gpt

```

**Create a new partition**

```

sudo parted --align optimal /dev/sda mkpart primary 0% 100%

```

This command creates a new partition \(mkpart\), which is of type primary, that takes up the space between 0-100%. Which means we will only have one partition.

Now you can see your new partition with `lsblk`.

**Format the partition with a specific filesystem**

Now that we have a partition we need to add a filesystem to it.There are many different types of filesystems. ext4 is common for linux. While windows uses NTFS, and mac uses HFS Plus. exFAT can be understood by all three OS:s, something that might be useful to USB:s. 

```

# For linux

sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1

# Supposedly work on linux, mac and windows. But fails for me on my tests on Mac 

sudo mkfs.vfat /dev/sda1

```

**Remove partition**

```

# if you want to remove partition 1

sudo parted /dev/sda rm 1

```

**Mount it**

Now you can just mount the parition somewhere on your filesystem

```

# Mount it

sudo mkdir /mnt/here

sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/here

# Unmount it

sudo umount /mnt/here

```

List all devices

Knowing how to mount and unmount might be useful if you want to get access to a remote NFS-directory. You will need to mount it to your filesystem to be able to browse it.

It is possible that the disk is not known as `/dev/usb`. If that is the case you can run

```

## Basics

So a command in PowerShell is called **cmdlet**. To get help on how to use a **cmdlet** while in PowerShell, the man-page, you do:

So a command in PowerShell is called **cmdlet**. The cmdlets are created using a verb and a noun. Like `Get-Command`, Get is a  verb and  Command is a noun. Other verbs can be: remove, set, disable, install, etc.

To get help on how to use a **cmdlet** while in PowerShell, the man-page, you do:

```

Get-Help    <cmdlet    name    |    topic    name>

$PSVersionTable

```

### Fundamentals

With get-member you can list all the properties and methods of the object that the command returns.

```

Get-Member

For example:

Get-Command | Get-Member

Get-Process | Get-Member

```

Select-XXX

```

Select-object

```

#### Variables

```

$testVar = "blabla"

```

**Wget / Download a file**

```

get-command | select-string blabla

```

**General commands that can be used on objects**

```

get-content fil.txt | measure-object words

```

### Working with filesystem

**List all files in current directory**

```

get-childitem

gci

List hidden files too

gci -Force

List all files recurisvely

gci -rec

Count the files

(get-childitem).count

List all files but exclude some folders

gci -exclude AppData | gci -rec -force

```

### Working with files

```

Select specific line in a file (remember that it starts from 0)

(gc .\file.txt)[10]

gc .\file.txt | Select -index 10

```

### Services

Get-AdComputer

To see a list of all properties do this

get-adcomputer ComputerName -prop *

Get AD Users

Get-ADUser -f {Name -eq 'Karl, Martinez'} -properties *

Get all AD Groups

Get-ADGroup -filter *

Resolve DNS

Resolve-DNSname 10.10.10.10

```

## Privilege Escalation with Powershell

```

What modules are available to us?

get-module -listavailable

```