dm cache: fix missing ERR_PTR returns and handling

Commit 9b1cc9f2 ("dm cache: share cache-metadata object across
inactive and active DM tables") mistakenly ignored the use of ERR_PTR
returns.  Restore missing IS_ERR checks and ERR_PTR returns where
appropriate.

Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Joe Thornber <ejt@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org